Types of Motorcycles and their Characteristics 

Until the 1950s, there was just one kind of motorcycle available. This all-purpose type of machine was designed for street use and was modified for more specialized applications. As motorcycles became more popular, new configurations were created to address certain interests and needs. Initially, special models were designed for off-highway riding. However, the range and variety of models has grown as manufacturers identified and addressed new market niches. By the 1980s, several distinct types of street-legal motorcycles had emerged. The characteristics and capabilities of current street motorcycles vary with their style. Different categories have different strengths and weaknesses, which may be helpful to recognize. Although some machines blur the distinctions, in general, current street-legal motorcycles fit into the following categories:

Traditional
Traditional motorcycles designed as practical transportation, with few styling frills or amenities. This category falls in the middle of the spectrum in most areas of ergonomics and performance, including power, handling response, and braking. Although they were once almost universal, traditional-style motorcycles have declined in popularity as more specialized types have become available.

Cruiser
Currently the most popular category of the market, centered on traditional or classic American styling. Once dominated almost exclusively by Harley-Davidson, the cruiser category has attracted competition from all major manufacturers and is the entry category for new American manufacturers. The profile is long with a low saddle height. The emphasis in the cruiser category is on appearance, style, and sound, with less emphasis on performance. Owners frequently customize these machines.

Sportbike
Styled and constructed in the manner of road-racing motorcycles with streamlined bodywork, front-end weight bias, and forward-leaning riding positions, the emphasis is on handling, acceleration, top speed, braking, and cornering prowess. Performance handling and braking systems are the rule on sportbikes, which tend to be lighter and more technologically advanced than other types of motorcycles. Often less comfortable than other types, they are favored for riding on twisting roads